IGNOU BECE 142 SOLVED ASSIGNMENT HINDI

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BECE 142 2025 2026 - English

BECE-142 Applied Econometrics

Tutor Marked Assignments

Course Code: BECE-142

Assignment Code: Asst /TMA/2025-26

Total Marks: 100

Assignment 1

Answer the following Descriptive Category questions in about 500 words each. Each question carries 20 marks. Word limit does not apply in case of numerical questions.

1. Explain with illustrations the various steps involved in econometric methodology. What are the consequences of omitting a relevant explanatory variable in a regression model?

2. (a) A research study intends to examine the impact of self-employment scheme for rehabilitation of manual scavengers. Suggest an appropriate research design to undertake such a study giving reasons the kind of research design you have suggested.

(b) Given the following model:

 

Where D₁=0 for the first 20 observations and D₁=1 for the remaining 30 observations. You are also told that var (u²_i)=300.

(a) How would you interpret ẞ₁ and ẞ2?

(b) What are the mean values of the two groups?

Assignment 2

Answer the following Middle Category questions in about 250 words each. Each question carries 10 marks. Word limit does not apply in case of numerical questions.

What do you mean by the term 'lags' in the context of economic data? Explain the various 3. methods to the distributed lag models.

estimate

4. Distinguish between ordinary least square method and indirect least square method of estimation. Specify the conditions under which indirect least method is applied.(

5. Consider the following Keynesian model of income determination

 

Where,

C= Consumption expenditure

I=Investment expenditure

Y=Income

G=Government expenditure

G₁ and Yt-1 are assumed predetermined

(a) State the reduced form equations and determine which of the preceding equations are identified.

(b) Which method will you use to estimate the parameters of the over identified equation and of the exactly identified equation? Justify your answer.

Assignment 3

Answer the following Short Category questions in about 100 words each. Each question carries 6 marks.

6. What is panel data? Explain the main advantages of panel data over 'pooled data'. 

7. Explain with illustration the computation process of fixed effect estimation method. 

8. Differentiate between type I and type II errors. Which among them is relatively a serious one?

9. Distinguish between any three of the following:

(i) Logit Model and probit model.

(ii) Fixed effect Model and Random effect model.

(iii) One way ANOVA and two way ANOVA.

(iv) Heteroscedasticity and homoscedasticity.

10. Write short note on any two of the following:

Autocorrelation. (i)

(ii) Empirical Research.

(iii) Statistical function.

(iv) Multicollinearity.

BECE 142 2025 2026 - Hindi

जहाँ

C= उपभोग व्यय

1= विनियोग व्यय

Y=आय

G= सरकारी व्यय

G₁ तथा Y-1 को पूर्वनिर्धारित मान लिया जाता है।

1. समानीत समीकरण को बतायें तथा यह स्पष्ट करें कि कौन से पूर्ववर्ती समीकरण अभिज्ञात (identified) है?

II. आप अति समानीत (over identified) तथा सटीक समानीत समीकरण के प्राचलों का अनुमान करने में कौन सी विधि का प्रयोग करेंगे और क्यों?

सत्रीय कार्य-3

निम्नलिखित लघु श्रेणी के प्रश्नों का उत्तर प्रत्येक का लगभग 100 शब्दों में दें। प्रत्येक प्रश्न 6 अंक का है।

6. तालिका बद्ध (Panel data) आंकड़ें क्या हैं? समुच्चित आंकड़ों की तुलना में तालिका बद्ध आंकड़ों के क्या लाभ हैं?

7. स्थिर प्रभाव आकलन विधि की आकलन प्रक्रिया की सोदाहरण व्याख्या करें।

8. त्रुटि । तथा त्रुटि ॥ में अंतर बतायें। इन दोनों में से तुलनात्मक रूप से कौन सी त्रुटि अधिक गंभीर है?

9. निम्नलिखित में से किन्हीं तीन के बीच अंतर बतायें

(i) लोजिट मॉडल तथा प्रोविट मॉडल

(ii) स्थिर प्रभाव मॉडल तथा यादृच्छिक प्रभाव मॉडल

(iii) एकमार्गीय प्रसारण विश्लेषण तथा द्विमार्गीय प्रसारण विश्लेष्ण

(iv) विषम विसारिता तथा समविसारिता

10. निम्नलिखित में से किन्हीं दो की व्याख्या करें:

(i) स्व सहसंबंध

(ii) अनुभवजन्य शोध

(iii) सांख्यिकीय फलन

(iv) सहरेखीयता

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